Engineering Tools

NozzlePro — Engineering Tools

Reference Tools for
Spray System Planning.

Seven practical tools for estimating flow, converting pressure and units, planning spray area coverage, calculating liquid velocity, and sizing nozzle service life — all in one place, without leaving the page.

Planning use only. Results from these tools are estimates to support initial sizing and specification decisions. Actual spray performance depends on liquid properties, supply pressure stability, nozzle condition, installation geometry, and operating environment. Verify critical parameters with NozzlePro before finalizing specifications.
How to Use These Tools

These are planning-level reference tools — not substitutes for a full application engineering review. Use them to narrow down your options, check your sizing assumptions, and prepare the right parameters before requesting a quote or speaking with an engineer. If your application involves unusually high or low pressures, abrasive or viscous liquids, or critical process requirements, bring those specifics to NozzlePro's application team rather than relying solely on estimated outputs.

All tools run in your browser — no login, no data submitted. Inputs and results are not stored or transmitted.

Seven Tools

Flow, Pressure, Coverage, Velocity & Conversion

Each tool is self-contained on its own page. Click any card to open the tool.

Most Used Flow Rate Estimator Estimate how a nozzle's flow rate changes when operating pressure changes. Enter a known flow rate at a reference pressure to estimate the flow at a new operating pressure — based on the standard spray nozzle flow-pressure relationship. Use this when your supply pressure differs from the catalog reference condition, or when you need to understand how pressure variation in your system will affect liquid delivery.
Enter known flow rate + reference pressure → get estimated flow at new pressure
Works for water and low-viscosity aqueous liquids at pressures from 10–300 PSI
Shows the percentage change in flow — useful for understanding supply pressure variation impact
Results in GPM, L/min, or GPH — switch units without re-entering values
Open Flow Rate Estimator →
Estimate only. Actual flow depends on nozzle orifice condition, liquid viscosity, and stable supply pressure. Use as a planning starting point.
Coverage Spray Area Planning Tool Estimate the approximate spray width at the target surface based on spray angle and distance from the nozzle. Use for planning nozzle spacing on manifolds and confirming coverage geometry before ordering.
Enter spray angle + distance to target → get estimated coverage width
Calculate nozzle spacing for a given overlap percentage
Compare flat fan vs. full cone coverage geometry side by side
Open Planning Tool →
Geometric estimate only. Actual spray width varies with pressure, liquid properties, and nozzle condition.
Conversion Pressure Conversion Tool Convert operating pressure between PSI, bar, kPa, and MPa instantly. Useful when working with supplier datasheets, international equipment specs, or process documentation that uses different pressure units than your system design.
Enter any pressure value → instant conversion to all four units
PSI ↔ bar ↔ kPa ↔ MPa — all directions in one step
Common reference pressures pre-loaded (40, 60, 80, 100, 150 PSI)
Open Pressure Converter →
Standard unit conversions. No rounding corrections applied — results are mathematically exact to the input value.
Velocity Liquid Velocity Calculator Calculate the average liquid velocity through a nozzle orifice or pipe cross-section from flow rate and orifice area. Useful for understanding jet impact energy, checking line velocity in supply piping, and comparing nozzle designs at different flow rates.
Enter flow rate + orifice diameter → get exit velocity in ft/s and m/s
Enter pipe diameter + flow rate → check supply line velocity
Compare velocity at two different orifice sizes at the same flow
Open Velocity Calculator →
Average orifice velocity estimate. Actual jet velocity at the target surface is lower due to aerodynamic drag over the throw distance.
Units Unit Conversion Tool A single-page reference for the unit conversions that come up most often in spray nozzle specification — flow rate, pressure, length, temperature, and liquid density. Covers both US customary and metric units used in NozzlePro datasheets and application engineering.
Flow: GPM ↔ L/min ↔ GPH ↔ m³/hr
Length: inches ↔ mm ↔ cm — for orifice and pipe dimensions
Temperature: °F ↔ °C — for liquid temperature and service limits
Density: lb/gal ↔ kg/L ↔ SG — for non-water liquid flow adjustments
Open Unit Converter →
Standard conversion factors. Density conversions assume liquid is homogeneous and at the stated temperature.
Wear & Service Nozzle Service Life Estimator Plan nozzle replacement intervals based on operating hours, liquid abrasiveness, and nozzle material. Understand how worn orifices affect flow rate and spray pattern — and when the performance change warrants replacement rather than continued operation.
Select liquid type and abrasiveness level → get relative wear rate guidance
Understand the flow increase threshold that signals replacement (typically 10–15%)
Compare service life across nozzle materials for your specific liquid
Build a maintenance interval schedule based on your operating hours per week
Open Service Life Estimator →
Qualitative guidance based on general wear principles. Actual service life depends on specific liquid chemistry, particle concentration, particle hardness, and operating pressure. Contact NozzlePro for material selection guidance on abrasive services.
Reference Droplet Size Reference Guide An educational reference explaining droplet size terminology (Dv50, Dv90, VMD), how droplet size affects application performance, and the typical droplet size ranges produced by different nozzle types. For applications where droplet size matters — humidification, dust suppression, coating, evaporative cooling.
Understand Dv50 and Dv90 — what they mean and why they differ
Typical droplet size ranges by nozzle type: flat fan, full cone, hollow cone, air-atomizing
How pressure affects droplet size for hydraulic nozzles
Application droplet size targets: dust suppression, humidification, evaporative cooling
Open Droplet Size Guide →
Educational reference only. Droplet size ranges are general guidance. Actual droplet size for a specific nozzle at specific conditions requires independent measurement or NozzlePro application data.
Quick Reference: Key Spray Nozzle Formulas
Flow Rate at New Pressure Q₂ = Q₁ × √(P₂ Ă· P₁) Q = flow rate, P = pressure. Applies to hydraulic spray nozzles with water or low-viscosity liquids.
Spray Width from Angle W = 2 × D × tan(Ξ Ă· 2) W = coverage width, D = distance to target, Ξ = spray angle. Geometric estimate for planning purposes.
Orifice Exit Velocity V = Q Ă· A V = velocity, Q = volumetric flow rate, A = orifice cross-sectional area. Average velocity at the orifice plane.
Non-Water Flow Adjustment Q_liquid = Q_water × √(SG_water Ă· SG_liquid) Adjusts catalog water flow rate for liquids with a specific gravity different from 1.0.
Nozzle Spacing for Overlap S = W × (1 − overlap%) S = center-to-center nozzle spacing, W = spray width at target, overlap% expressed as decimal (0.15 = 15%).
Flow Increase from Wear ΔQ% = (Q_worn Ă· Q_new − 1) × 100 A worn nozzle flowing 10–15% above the new-nozzle rate typically warrants replacement to maintain spray performance.
Quick Reference

Common Unit Conversions for Spray Nozzle Specification

The conversions that appear most often when working with NozzlePro datasheets, supplier specs, and process documentation.

Quantity From To Multiply by Example
Flow rate GPM (US) L/min × 3.7854 5 GPM = 18.93 L/min
Flow rate L/min GPM (US) × 0.2642 20 L/min = 5.28 GPM
Flow rate GPM GPH × 60 2 GPM = 120 GPH
Pressure PSI bar × 0.06895 60 PSI = 4.14 bar
Pressure bar PSI × 14.504 4 bar = 58.0 PSI
Pressure PSI kPa × 6.895 40 PSI = 275.8 kPa
Length inches mm × 25.4 0.5 in = 12.7 mm
Length mm inches × 0.03937 10 mm = 0.394 in
Temperature °F °C (°F − 32) × 5/9 212°F = 100°C
Temperature °C °F (°C × 9/5) + 32 20°C = 68°F
Density lb/gal kg/L × 0.1198 10 lb/gal = 1.198 kg/L
Application Engineering

Tools Get You Close.
Engineers Get You There.

When your application involves critical process requirements, unusual liquids, or high-stakes performance specifications, bring the parameters to NozzlePro's application team. We size for your actual conditions — not catalog reference conditions.

Speak with an Engineer Call (650) 375-7002

Related Resources

Resources Hub Flow Rate Estimator Spray Area Planning Tool Pressure Conversion Tool Unit Conversion Tool Service Life Estimator Nozzle Selection Guides Flow Rate & Pressure Guide Contact Engineering